Which of the following lists the elements of common law robbery?

• A. Larceny; In the physical presence of the victim; Force or threat of force; Specific intent to steal
• B. Trespassory take; Personal property of another; Force or threat of force
• C. Larceny; In the presence of victim; Force
• D. Specific intent to steal

Answer: (A)

Common law robbery combines larceny with force or intimidation applied to the victim, and it requires the taking to be from the victim’s person or in their immediate presence, with the intent to steal (permanently deprive). So the elements are: a trespassory taking of personal property of another, from the victim’s presence or person, by force or fear, with the specific intent to steal. The listed option captures all four pieces exactly: larceny, in the physical presence of the victim, force or threat of force, and specific intent to steal. The other choices miss at least one element—for example, omitting the presence requirement or the need for the intent to steal—so they don’t describe the proper four-part test for common law robbery.